Are Dogs Self-Conscious?

In this mass media article, Tatiana Arsenyeva explained the research of Roberto Cazzolla Gatti about how dogs have self-consciousness. The writer talks about the “mirror test” where studies about self-consciousness were concluded by the responses of animals and children to their reflection to the mirror. Then she explained the basis of the test that the individuals that understand the concept of “self” and “the other” can distinguish between the two entities and to recognize themselves. If the test confirmed the self-consciousness of the individual, other behavior traits like empathy can be…