The informational talk by Valerie Karonhiatakwen Gabriel during our Plant Life class opened up an intriguing conversation about the land and the people who have called it home since long before the colonization of North America. The topics regarding permaculture’s history in the Native way of life are so important to our understanding of it and how we use it in the botany we learn in class, at the Vanier gardens, and in our future careers in wildlife. For the students at John Abbott who wrote articles about examples of permaculture projects, it could prove beneficial to their understanding…