Blair, Perry, O’Brien, Calkins and Keane (2013) explored the effects of maternal emotion socialization and its impact on the emotional development and friendship quality of their children through the ages of 5-10. The manner in which parents raise and structure their children has a direct effect on their emotional development, specifically how they express their emotions. This was a longitudinal study, examining three groups of children (336), their mothers and their educators. The data was collected when the children were 5,7 and 10 years old.