True intercultural and global competence requires not only recognizing how extremists justify violence, but also understanding how they construct social bonds, obligations, and belonging in discourse to legitimize collective identity and action. Extremist narratives actively negotiate moral duties, group loyalty, and intergroup obligations in ways that reshape notions of community and exclusion, often positioning “ingroup loyalty” as a higher ethical mandate. By analysing these discursive strategies, we gain insight into how allegiance and obligation are linguistically forged to bind…