It's hard to always stay positive, especially when you encounter shortcomings in school. When we get a bad grade we can undergo cognitive dissonance, meaning we feel guilty because this bad result doesn't align with our expectations. We want to see ourselves succeed. Moreover, because we hate feeling guilt and disappointment, our main response would be to downplay the negative outcome or, through the self-serving bias, project the blame and responsibility onto someone else. However, there is a better reaction than this when encountering negative outcomes, and that would be Counterfactual…