Obenzinger says that all of the holy land in literature is desired in one way or another to make use of Palestine to appeal to the American immigration. America was thought of as the new Jerusalem. Obenzinger says that the two books written by Herman Melville and Mark twain, clarel which was a poem and innocents Abroad, were most unlike the many holy land books published before 1882. Both texts contained complex and even counternarratives to what Palestine meant to Anglo-American, Protestant travelers. They both contained unique religious, cultural, racial and nationalist discourses…